“Al-Hassan as-Sibt says: “The Messenger of Allah (Sallaho Alaihe Wassallam) ordered us to wear the best clothes we could find for the two Eids and to apply the best perfume we could find and to sacrifice the best animal we could find.” [Hakim].
1. It is preferred to make the ghusl, perfume one’s self and don one’s best attire on the occasions of the two Eid prayers.
“Al-Hassan as-Sibt says: “The Messenger of Allah (Sallaho Alaihe Wassallam) ordered us to wear the best clothes we could find for the two Eids and to apply the best perfume we could find and to sacrifice the best animal we could find.” [Hakim]
2. It is Sunnah to eat before going to the salah for Eidul fitr, (the end of Ramadan) but not do so on the occasion of the Eiddul adha (commemorating Prophet Ibrahim’s (AS) sacrifice). For Eidul fitr, it is a sunnah to eat an odd number of dates before going to pray salatul Eid while for Eidul adha the eating should be delayed until one returns from the Eid prayers and then he may eat of his sacrifice if he has sacrificed an animal.
“Narrated Anas bin Malik (RA): Allah’s Apostle (Sallaho Alaihe Wassallam) never proceeded (for the prayer) on the Day of Eid-ul-Fitr unless he had eaten some dates. Anas (RA) also narrated: The Prophet (Sallaho Alaihe Wassallam) used to eat odd number of dates.” [Bukhari]
“Buraidah (RA) reports: “The Prophet (Sallaho Alaihe Wassallam) would not go out on the day of breaking the fast (‘Eid-ul-Fitr) until he had eaten and on the day of sacrifice (Eid-ul-Adha) he would not eat until he had returned [from salah]. And he would eat from his sacrifice.” [Ahmed]
3. It is Sunnah to take one route to the place of Eid Salah and take a different route back.
“Abu Hurairah (RA) says: “When the Prophet (Sallaho Alaihe Wassallam) went to salatul Eid, he would return through a different route.” [Muslim]
4. Salatul Eid can be performed in the mosque but it is preferred to perform in a place outside the city as long as there is no excuse or reason to do otherwise (e.g., rain and so on) as the Prophet (Sallaho Alaihe Wassallam) would pray the two Eids in the outskirts of Medinah and he never prayed it in his mosque, except once and because it was raining.
“Abu Hurairah (RA) reports that it was raining on the day of Eid, so the Prophet (Sallaho Alaihe Wassallam) led them in salatul Eid in the mosque. [Abu Dawud]”
5. Indeed in the time of Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) women attended the Eid Salaah, however the practises of women for attending Mosque (adherence to rules of Hijab etc.) must be followed and practised.
“Narrated Ibn Juraij (RA) : ‘Ata’ (RA) told me that he had heard Jabir bin ‘Abdullah (RA) saying, “The Prophet (Sallaho Alaihe Wassallam) stood up to offer the prayer of the ‘Eid-ul-Fitr. He first offered the prayer and then delivered the Khutba. After finishing it he got down (from the pulpit) and went towards the women and advised them while he was leaning on Bilal’s hand. Bilal was spreading out his garment where the women were putting their alms…”[Bukhari]”
6. While going towards the place of Eid prayer Takbeer should be recited softly (for Eidul Fitr prayer) and loudly (for Eidul-Adha prayers).
“Ibn Umar (RA) used to leave for the place of Eid prayer early in the morning and he used to recite the Takbeer while raising his voice. Another narration states that he used to leave for the place of Eid prayer early in the morning (as the sun arose) and recite the Takbeer until reaching the place. And then he used to recite the Takbeer at the place of prayer until the Imam took position and then he used to quit the Takbeer. [Musnad Imam Shaf'ae (RA)]”
7. The time for Eid Salah is after sunrise but the prayer for Eidul Fitr should be slightly delayed while the paryer for Eidul Adha should be hastened.
Ahmad ibn Hassan al-Bana’ records that Jundub (RA) said: “The Prophet (Sallaho Alaihe Wassallam) prayed the Eidul fitr prayer while the sun was [approximately] six meters above the horizon and the Eid of the sacrifice while the sun was three meters above the horizon.” [Talkheesul-Habeer]
Ibn Qudamah (RA) says: “It is a sunnah to pray salatul adha early in order to allow more time for the people to perform the sacrifice, and the salatul fitr is to be delayed in order to give people time to pay zakat al-Fitr. I know of no difference of opinion on this point.”
8. There is no Adhan or Iqama for Eid Salah.
Ibn ‘Abbas and Jabir b. ‘Abdullah al-Ansari reported: There was no Adhan on the (occasion) of Id-ul-Fitr and Id-ul-Adha. I (Ibn Juraij) said: I asked him after some time about it. He (‘Ata’, one of the narrators) said: Jabir b. ‘Abdullah al-Ansari told me: There is neither any Adhan on Id-ul-Fitr when the Imam comes out, nor even after his coming out; their is neither lqama nor call nor anything of the sort of calling on that day and nor Iqama. [Muslim]
9. There is no Salah before or after the Eid Salah.
Ibn ‘Abbas (RA) reports: “The Messenger of Allah (Sallaho Alaihe Wassallam) went out to the site of the Eid prayer and prayed two rak’at [i.e., the Eid prayer] without praying anything before or after it and Bilal (RA) was with him.” [Bukhari]
10. Eid Salah consists of two Rakaats.
Ibn ‘Abbas (RA) reports: “The Messenger of Allah (Sallaho Alaihe Wassallam) went out to the site of the Eid prayer and prayed two rak’at [i.e., the Eid prayer] without praying anything before or after it and Bilal (RA) was with him.” [Bukhari]
11. Eid Salah consists of six Additional Takbeers.
Hazrat Abu Musa Ash’ari (radhiallahu anhu) was asked regarding the number of takbeers that Rasulullah (sallallahu alaihi wasallam) used to say in both the Eid salaahs. He replied: “He (sallallahu alaihi wasallam) used to say four takbeers (in every rakaat), in the same way as he used to say the takbeers in the salaat al-Janaaza”. Hazrat Hudhaifa (radhiallahu anhu) also confirmed this practice of Rasulullah (sallallahu alaihi wasallam). [Abu Dawud]
12. Make the intention for Eid Salah before starting, “I am performing Eid for Allah (SWT) with six Additional Takbeers”. The intention does not need to be verbally uttered, it is simply done within the heart.
Narrated ‘Umar bin Al-Khattab (RA): Allah’s Apostle (Sallaho Alaihe Wassallam) said, “The reward of deeds depends upon the intention and every person will get the reward according to what he has intended. So whoever emigrated for Allah and His Apostle, then his emigration was for Allah and His Apostle. And whoever emigrated for worldly benefits or for a woman to marry, his emigration was for what he emigrated for.” [Bukhari]
13. The prayer begins with the first Takbeer i.e. Takbeeratul-Ihraam followed by Thana.
‘Abda reported: ‘Umar b. al-Khattab used to recite loudly these words: Subhanak Allahumma wa bi hamdika wa tabarakasmuka wa ta’ala jadduka wa la ilaha ghairuka [Glory to Thee,0 Allah, and Thine is the Praise, and Blessed is Thy Name. and Exalted is Thy Majesty. and there is no other object of worship beside Thee]. Qatada informed in writing that Anas b. Malik had narrated to him: I observed prayer behind the Apostle of Allah (may peace be upon him) and Abu Bakr and Umar and ‘Uthman. They started (loud recitation) with: Al-hamdu lillahi Rabb al-’Alamin [All Praise is due to Allah, the Lord of the worlds] and did not recite Bismillah ir- Rahman-ir-Rahim (loudly) at the beginning of the recitation or at the end of it. [Muslim]
Glory to Thee, 0 Allah, and Thine is the Praise, and Blessed is Thy Name. and Exalted is Thy Majesty. and there is no other object of worship beside Thee
Note: Scholars have explained that the loud recitation of Umar (RA) was for teaching and in reality it should be recited silently as the later traditions indicate.
15. The Imam will then pronounce three additional Takbeers and everyone will raise hands and then drop them by the side. At the pronouncement of the fourth Takbeer the congregation will fold their hands and the Imam will then complete the Rak’ah as normal after reciting Surah Al-Fatiha and another Surah.
16. In the second Rak’aat the Imam will recite Surah Al-Fatiha and another Surah and then pronounce three additional Takbeers and everyone will raise hands and then drop them by the side. At the pronouncement of the fourth Takbeer the congregation will go into Ruku and the Imam will then complete the Rak’ah as normal.
17. It is Mustahab (preferred) for the Imam to recite Surah Al-A’la (Chapter 87) in the first Rakaat and Surah Al-Ghashiya (Chapter 88) in the second Rakaat.
Samrah (RA) narrates that Rasul-ullah (Sallaho Alaihe Wassallam) used to recite Surah Al-A’la and Surah Al-Ghashiya in the Eid prayers. [Ahmed]
18. It is Sunnah for the Imam to deliver the Khutbah after the Eid prayers.
Narrated Ibn Juraij (RA) : ‘Ata’ (RA) told me that he had heard Jabir bin ‘Abdullah (RA) saying, “The Prophet (Sallaho Alaihe Wassallam) stood up to offer the prayer of the ‘Eid-ul-Fitr. He first offered the prayer and then delivered the Khutba. After finishing it he got down (from the pulpit) and went towards the women and advised them while he was leaning on Bilal’s hand. Bilal was spreading out his garment where the women were putting their alms…”[Bukhari]
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